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GUO Wei, DUAN Jinyun, SHI Lixiaoyun
Cognitive complexity refers to the degree of individual complex thinking, which is the basis and mapping of our understanding of the external world. This paper divided the development of cognitive complexity research into two stages： differentiation, differentiation and integration. To deepen the academic understanding of cognitive complexity, the paper also introduced some assessment tools of cognitive complexity on the two stages, the factors influencing cognitive complexity, and the effects of cognitive complexity on individuals. Future research should employ the concept and assessments of cognitive complexity appropriately, furtherly explore its consequences and corresponding mechanisms, and extend cognitive complexity research to various fields.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 195-203 [Abstract]（
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ZHANG Manting, LIANG Weiting, WANG Wei, LI Yongxin
The effort reward imbalance model is one of the widely used work stress models. Based on the social exchange theory, this model discusses the impact of the effort-reward imbalance on the stressful consequences and its mechanism. After two adjustments, it forms a relatively complete theoretical system, which provides a new theoretical perspective for the study of the relationship between work and health. Scholars have carried out a series of empirical studies based on the model, and introduced new mediating variables and moderating variables, thus gradually extending its scope of application from industrial and commercial and medical health related fields to a relatively wide range of occupational and social life fields. Future research should focus on the direct impact of effort, reward and over-commitment on the stressful consequences on the basis of emphasizing the effort-reward imbalance; To investigate the conceptual overlap and distinction between over-commitment and other psychological variables that represent differences between individuals, and then introduce more moderating variables to enrich the theoretical system of the model; Subdivide the different dimensions of effort and reward, and investigate the impact of different types of pay return imbalances on the stress consequences and their mechanisms.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 204-215 [Abstract]（
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YAN Guoli, SONG Ziming
“Ten lines at one glance” is an idiom that often used to describe the reader's very fast reading speed. Can readers really achieve “ten lines at one glance” while reading? Scientific understanding of the issue has important guiding significance for reading instruction. From the perspective of reading psychology, “ten lines at one glance” can describe the reader's reading speed is fast, but it is unscientific to describe that the reader can get ten lines of text at a glance. Combining the latest research findings in reading psychology, the present report summarized the inherent reasons why “ten lines at one glance” is unscientific from two aspects： the characteristics of eye movement during reading and the range of effective information obtained from one fixation. On this basis, this report analyzed the “ten lines at one glance” phenomenon in reading from three aspects： image, skimming, and fast reading. Finally, we proposed future research directions.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 216-223 [Abstract]（
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Sun Jiahe, HE Wenguang
Using dual-task paradigm, we investigated the influence of different types of working memory loads and cue-target intervals on two components（prospective component and retrospective component） in event-based prospective memory（EBPM）. The results showed that working memory load had significant effect on EBPM, the EBPM performance was worse in the condition of high working memory load compared with low working memory load. Cue-target interval also had significant effect on EBPM, showed that the condition of long cue-target interval had a worse performance, and the effect of cue-target interval on two components of the EBPM were not influenced by the type of working memory task. Compared to prospective component, retrospective component was more easily affected by working memory load. Different working memory tasks had different effects on two components of prospective memory, retrospective component was more easily impacted by object working memory. To be summarized, these results confirmed with predictions from “preparatory attentional processes and memory processes theory”.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 224-232 [Abstract]（
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Applied Psychology Research
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WANG Biying, LIU Kai, ZHANG Lutao
Workplace status is the coworkers' voluntarily collective beliefs concerning the degree of respect, prominence and prestige to the focal employee, which is mainly based on the subjective perception of instrumental value of the focal employee. Workplace status is a hot topic in the workplace and academic field. Based on literature review, the concept, measurement and theoretical basis of workplace status are summarized, and the formation of workplace status is discussed from cognitive factors, behavioral factors and situational factors. Future research needs to adopt multiple evaluation sources and longitudinal methods to explore the formation mechanism, development stage and dynamic changes of different groups' workplace status.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 234-242 [Abstract]（
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XU Xiaofeng, GUAN Haoguang, WANG Yihui
Based on the conservation of resources theory, this study aimed to explor the internal mechanism of workplace ostracism on career satisfaction. An online questionnaire survey was conducted at two time points by snowball method, and 223 valid questionnaires were collected, and the final data analysis results showed that： Workplace ostracism had a significant positive effect on emotional exhaustion, emotional exhaustion had a significant negative effect on career satisfaction, and emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between workplace ostracism and career satisfaction. Career control significantly moderated the relationship between emotional exhaustion and career satisfaction, such that the negative relationship was weaker when the higher level of career control.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 243-250 [Abstract]（
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LIU Bo, GAO Riguang
The emergence of informal leadership is a phenomenon in which individuals in the workplace are able to exert leader-like influence on their peers even without formal authority. As a complement to formal leadership, informal leadership emergence has become a frontier topic of research in recent years as it helps organizations meet the challenges of continuous development and technological changes. In this paper, we systemically review and analyze the recent domestic and international theoretical and empirical research on the concept, and measurement of leadership emergence. Future research needs to develop a universal scale with good reliability and validity, and should guarantee the congruence between the concept of leadership emergence and the subject, content, and scope of the measurement.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 251-259 [Abstract]（
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School Psychology Research
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LI Cirong, LI Chunxuan, GONG Shuying, WANG Jiye
This study aimed to examine the relationship between parents' workaholism and adolescent's emotional and behavioral problems and the mediating role of emotional exhaustion. Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire （SDQ） was used to measure the emotional and behavioral problems of adolescents. While Dutch Work Addiction Scale （DWAS） and Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey （MBIGS） were used to investigate their parents' workaholism and emotional exhaustion. The sample in our study derived from 571 dual-earner nuclear families in Shenyang, Liaoning province. The findings showed a positive relationship between workaholism and adolescent's emotional and behavioral problems for both fathers and mothers simultaneously. Furthermore, emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between workaholism and adolescent's emotional and behavioral problems. What's more, the influence of mother's workaholism on adolescent's emotional and behavioral problems was greater than that of fathers. The results demonstrated that working parents' heavy work investment may have negative effects on adolescents through spillover-crossover process and mother has a greater influence on adolescents.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 260-272 [Abstract]（
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JIN Tonglin, WU Yuntena, ZHANG Lu, LEI Zeyu, KONG Dehua
Childhood psychological maltreatment is a series of incorrect parenting from continuous and repeated pattern of fosters, which will make children feel useless and unloved, and seriously damage the development of children normal social functions. In order to explore the changes in Chinese adolescents' childhood psychological maltreatment level from 2008 to 2018 and its gender difference, we collected the literature investigating on Chinese adolescents by the Childhood Psychological Maltreatment Scale （CPMS） in recent ten years. The results showed that, in recent eleven years, the score of CPMS has negatively correlated with the year of data collection; The overall level of Chinese adolescents'childhood psychological maltreatment has decreased over time. But the change range belongs to the medium and small effects and the rate is relatively slow; The overall scores of CPMS has no obvious gender differences, but male adolescents are more likely to threat and derogation maltreatment than female adolescents.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 273-279 [Abstract]（
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ZHOU Lihua, ZHANG Xiaoxian
This study aimed to identify the latent profiles of academic motivation among Chinese primary students,and to model possible predictors（age,gender,and basic psychological needs）and outcome（class engagement）of profile membership. Totally 2868 3rd to 6th Graders were asked to complete the Self-Regulation Questionnaire-Academic,the Activity-Feeling States,as well as the Self-Report Engagement scale. The results of the latent profile analysis showed that：（1）A model of 6 latent profiles of academic motivation was supported, including a low autonomous regulation group（the external regulation profile,the controlled regulation profile,and the low mixed profile）and a high autonomous regulation group（the autonomous profile,the introjected and autonomous profile,and the high mixed profile）.（2）Age,gender,and basic psychological needs could predict the likelihood of membership among profiles.On the whole,younger girls predicted membership of the high autonomous regulation group,moreover,greater satisfaction of basic psychological needs predicted membership of the high autonomous regulation group.（3）The high autonomous regulation group reported more class engagement compared with the low autonomous regulation group. These results help educators provide tailor-made guidance to foster pupils' academic motivation.
2023 Vol. 16 (3): 280-288 [Abstract]（
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