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Psychological Research

2026 Vol.19,No.2

Published 2026-04-01

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Theory Review
CHEN Youguo, YUE Tong, WU Lanting, HUANG Xiting

During the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, we set a list of goals: The development of psychology must balance tradition with innovation. Based on the theory of a perfect personality, this paper elaborates on the path to implementing a Sinicized psychological theory by exploring three aspects: Investigating the mind, understanding life, and igniting the soul of truth, goodness, and beauty. Guided by principles of seeking truth from facts and systematic analysis, this paper examines the theory of a perfect personality: In terms of investigating the mind, psychological phenomena are complex. Beyond investigating simple psychological phenomena, we must adopt multiple methods to explore the formation and operation mechanisms of more complex psychological processes. Understanding life can also be seen as the process of forming one's life outlook. Chinese culture posits that personalities differ in nobility and rank. Based on Confucian thought, we classify personality into four dimensions: Life pursuits, life attitudes, life wisdom, and life cultivation. The concept of igniting the soul of truth, goodness, and beauty is to emphasize that the purpose of psychology is to light the way toward harmony, happiness, and a better tomorrow. Sinicized psychological theories should demonstrate their unique value and advantages in practice, and future research should better integrate theoretical and practical exploration.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 99-105 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (756 KB)  ( 5 )

NIU Haiqun, WANG Yunqiang, GUO Benyu

The richness and inclusiveness of Erikson's pioneering life-cycle theory has attracted numerous researchers to delve deeper and form “new life-cycle models”. However, these new models in this field have not received the attention it deserves, probably because of the fragmented nature of them, which greatly affects the contemporary value and applicability of Erikson's theoretical ideas. These new models developed based on Erikson's life cycle theory were systematized into: The extended model with its emphasis on developmental stages and the 25-step developmental model with its emphasis on cognition; The three-dimensional model with its emphasis on developmental dynamics and the Ψ model with its emphasis on homogeneity; The reset model with its emphasis on developmental temporality and the cross-loop life-cycle model with its emphasis on periodicity.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 106-116 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1110 KB)  ( 3 )

Fundamental Research
YU Xide

Children's concept of time is their consciousness generation and representation of “time sequence” and “time distance”. Children's qualitative cognition of time sequence and quantitative perception of time distance have already been proved by previous studies, while the temporal perspective-taking (TPT) under the context of “time sequence” and the multidimensional hierarchical mapping under the context of “time distance” are new research horizons. According to the literature review, children's concept of time can be divided into action time and language time, as well as reference time and metaphor time. The occurrence and development of children's concept of time go from “dependent on specific events” to “independent of specific events”, which can be further divided into three stages: The first stage, the latent concept stage. Time and events are interdependent. Second, the pre-conceptual stage. Time and events begin to separate, but the separation process is not complete; Mental timeline and time perspective are on the way; The accuracy of time interval estimation is gradually improved; Also, children at this stage can integrate time sequence and time distance to infer causation and time. Third, the full concept stage. Children at this stage represent abstract time independently, and gradually develop the multi-dimensional metaphor of “time-space-number-people”.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 117-128 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1305 KB)  ( 3 )

LIU Xiaoshi, ZHU Changzheng, MO Bibo, QIN Yishu

The present study explored the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety in the middle-aged and older adults, as well as the moderating effect of age and the mediating effect of relationship quality.341 adults (aged 35-85 years, 56% female) were recruited. Results showed that:(1) Self-esteem was negatively correlated with trait anxiety and state anxiety, but positively correlated with relationship quality; (2) The moderating effect of self-esteem on trait anxiety and state anxiety was moderated by age, and this moderating effect predicted trait anxiety and state anxiety through the mediating effect of relationship quality. The prediction of self-esteem on trait anxiety, state anxiety and relationship quality in the older group was significantly lower than in the middle-aged group. The results revealed that there was an age difference on the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety, and relationship quality also played a vital mediating role.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 129-137 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (965 KB)  ( 4 )

Applied Psychology Research
ZHANG Bainan, XU Shiyong

Based on the model of the antecedents of workplace ostracism and the need-threat/need-fortification framework of workplace ostracism, the relationships among prohibitive voice, perceived workplace ostracism, and destructive voice were investigated, as well as the corresponding boundary condition. The analysis was based upon paired data with 566 subordinates and their managers collected at 3 time points and the results showed that: (1) Based on the model of the antecedents of workplace ostracism, prohibitive voice positively predicted perceived workplace ostracism; based on the need-threat/need-fortification framework of workplace ostracism, workplace ostracism positively predicted destructive voice. (2) Workplace ostracism mediated the relationship between prohibitive voice and destructive voice. (3) Negative affectivity moderated the relationship between prohibitive voice and workplace ostracism, and further moderated the effect of prohibitive voice on destructive voice through workplace ostracism. The research results can enrich the theoretical perspective on the negative follow-up effects of prohibitive voice, and have management implications for organizations on how to effectively protect and encourage employees who dare to speak up.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 138-146 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (944 KB)  ( 4 )

DOU Fen, WANG Minghui

In order to fully reveal the research progress in the field of international green consumption, the current study conducted a statistical analysis of 471 literatures from 2001 to 2020 based on the core database of Web of Science and Ctiespace software. Specifically, we drew a series of knowledge map of co-citation analysis network, co-occurrence and cluster analysis of keywords, as well as timezone of keywords and burstness. Results showed that the number of literatures concerning green consumption has increasing rapidly in recent years, and characterized with multi-field and interdisciplinary. However, the cooperation among research institutions and authors was relatively lacking and discrete. Research hotspots mainly focused on attitudes, behaviors, sustainable consumption, environmental concerns, purchase intention, determinants, value, motivation, and the like. Future research needs to further explore the mechanisms of “sustainable consumption”, expand the scope and depth of research cooperation, and consider how to apply theoretical results to social practice.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 147-155 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1022 KB)  ( 4 )

School Psychology Research
SUN Jianqun, TIAN Xiaoming, YANG Wenyuan, SU Huijing, LI Rui

Based on the resource conservation theory, this paper examined the influence of mentor supportive supervision and abusive supervision on graduate students' future work self-salience, and discussed the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating role of interaction frequency. Based on hierarchical regression analysis of 922 graduate students' data, the results showed that : (1) The supportive supervision positively affected the graduate students' future work self-salience, while the abusive supervision negatively affected the graduate students' future work self-salience; (2) The supportive supervision promoted the future work self-salience by affecting the psychological capital of graduate students,while the abusive supervision inhibited the future work self-salience by affecting the psychological capital of graduate students; (3) The frequency of interaction between teachers and students could enhance the promoting effect of supportive supervision on psychological capital, and strengthen the mediating effect of psychological capital between supportive supervision and future work self-salience, but for abusive supervision, this moderating effect didn't exist.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 156-165 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1087 KB)  ( 3 )

ZHANG Shanshan, LIU Zhihong, HAN Jingjing

The study was to explore the situation of social trauma and its association with suicidal ideation, as well as the mechanism of brooding rumination and dispositional mindfulness in the relationship. A totally 1838 college students completed a battery of questionnaires including the Perceived Chronic Social Adversity Questionnaire, Ruminative Responses Scale, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, and Self-Rating Idea of Suicide Scale. The result showed that: (1) Social trauma were divided into three categories, which accounted for 38.19%, 41.46% and 20.35%, respectively; (2) Social trauma predicted positively college students' suicidal ideation; (3) Brooding rumination mediated the relationship between social trauma and college students' suicidal ideation; (4) The dispositional moderated the relationship between social trauma and brooding rumination. Therefore, brooding rumination played a mediating role in the relationship between social trauma and suicidal ideation among college students, and the dispositional mindfulness played the moderating role.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 166-174 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (940 KB)  ( 3 )

JIANG Zhichao

To explore the mediating role of achievement motives on the relationship between extraversion and subjective vitality, NEO-Five Factor Inventory, Achievement Motive Scale and Subjective Vitality Scale were used to survey 991 college students. The gender differences of the effect were also examined. Results indicated that: (1) Achievement motives partially mediated the relationship between extraversion and subjective vitality. (2) There were significant gender differences in the mediating effect of achievement motives, namely, the mediating effect of hope of success between extraversion and subjective vitality was significant in the male group. In contrast, the indirect effect of fear of failure was significant in the female group. These findings contribute to understanding how extraversion affects the subjective vitality of college students and provide new insights into the development of undergraduates' mental health from the perspective of achievement motivation.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 175-183 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1135 KB)  ( 6 )

ZHANG Feng, WANG Yuyang, FU Lijuan

To explore the effect of temporal comparison on self-cognition and experiences, a between-subjects experimental design of 3 (type: no comparison; temporal comparison; social comparison) × 3 (directions: no comparison; upward comparison; downward comparison) was adopted, and the primary and middle school students were selected in the study. The results indicated that: (1) Compared with social comparison, both past and future temporal comparisons made students experience more pride and less shame. Past temporal comparison was more effective in promoting the generation of positive emotions, while future temporal comparison was more effective in alleviating negative emotions; (2) The impact of past temporal comparison on self-cognition and emotional experiences was consistent across different school stages, and the effect of future temporal comparison was more obvious at the secondary school stage; (3) Compared with primary school students, secondary school students (especially girls) paid more attention to temporal comparison information. Therefore, temporal comparison can not only significantly promote the positive self-cognition and emotional experiences of primary and middle school students, but also has a significant advantageous effect compared with social comparison.

2026 Vol. 19 (2): 184-192 [Abstract]( 0 HTML (1 KB)  PDF (1009 KB)  ( 3 )

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