|
|
|
| The effect of balanced time perspective on wisdom：The moderating role of Zhongyong thinking |
| LI Xiyan1, LYU Houchao2, ZHANG Zhijie1 |
1 School of Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024;
2 Faculty of Psychology, Time Psychology Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715 |
|
|
|
|
Abstract The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship among balanced time perspective, Zhongyong thinking and wisdom of college students. The Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory, Zhongyong Thinking Scale and Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale were used to test 404 undergraduates and postgraduates. Results： （1） Time perspective significantly and positively predicted wisdom; （2） Zhongyong thinking significantly and positively predicted wisdom; （3） Zhongyong thinking played a moderating role in balanced time perspective and wisdom, and had a gain effect. In other words, the more balanced the individual's time perspective is, the faster the wisdom level will increase when the level of Zhongyong thinking is higher. To conclusion, in the context of Chinese culture, individuals' balanced time perspective can positively predict wisdom. Zhongyong thinking moderates the relationship between balanced time perspective and wisdom.
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 陈浩彬, 汪凤炎. (2013). 智慧: 结构, 类型, 测量及与相关变量的关系.心理科学进展, 21(1), 108-117.
[2] 吕厚超. (2014). 青少年时间洞察力研究. 北京: 科学出版社.
[3] 温忠麟, 侯杰泰, 张雷.(2005).调节效应与中介效应的比较和应用.心理学报, (2),268-274.
[4] 吴佳辉, 林以正. (2005)中庸思维量表的编制.本土心理学研究, 12, 247-300
[5] 杨世英. (2008). 智慧的意涵与历程.本土心理学研究, (29), 185-237.
[6] 杨中芳. (2009). 传统文化与社会科学结合之实例: 中庸的社会心理学研究.中国人民大学学报, (03), 53-60.
[7] 张仁和, 林以正, 黄金兰.(2014). 西方智慧研究新动态与中庸思维的关系. 中国社会心理学评论, (2).
[8] 赵志裕. (2000). 中庸思维的测量, 一项跨地区研究的初步结果.香港社会科学学, 18, 33-54.
[9] 张德胜, 金耀基, 陈海文, 陈健民, 杨中芳, 赵志裕, 等. (2001). 论中庸理性: 工具理性、 价值理性和沟通理性之外.社会学研究, 16(2), 33-48.
[10] Ardelt, M. (2003). Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale.Research and Aging, 25, 275-324.
[11] Ardelt M.,& Ferrari, M. (2014). Wisdom and emotions. In: P. Verhaeghen & C. Hertzog (Eds), The Oxford handbook of emotion, social cognition, and problem solving in adulthood (pp. 256-272). New York, US: Oxford University Press.
[12] Baltes, P. B., & Staudinger, U. M. (2000). Wisdom. A metaheuristic (pragmatic) to orchestrate mind and virtue toward excellence.American Psychologist, 55, 122-36.
[13] Bluck S.,& Glück, J. (2005). From the inside out: People’s implicit theories of wisdom In R J Sternberg & J Jordan (Eds), A handbook of wisdom: Psychological perspectives (pp 84-109) New York: Cambridge University Press People’s implicit theories of wisdom. In R. J. Sternberg & J. Jordan (Eds.), A handbook of wisdom: Psychological perspectives (pp. 84-109). New York: Cambridge University Press.
[14] Carstensen, L. L. (2006). The influence of a sense of time on human development.Science, 312, 1913-1915.
[15] Clayton V.,& Birren, J. E. (1980). The development of wisdom across the lifespan: A reexamination of an ancient topic. In P. B. Baltes, D. L. Featherman, & R. M. Lerner (Eds.), Life-span development and behavior (Vol. 3, pp. 103-135). New York: Academic Press.
[16] Hall, S. S. (2010). Wisdom: From philosophy to neuroscience. New York: Knopf.
[17] Li X., Lyu H., & Mello Z. R.(Under review). Another way to measure balanced time perspective: Development and validation of the Balanced Time Perspective Inventory.Personality and Individual Difference.
[18] Meeks, T. W., & Jeste, D. V. (2009). Neurobiology of wisdom: An overview.Archives of General Psychiatry, 66(4), 355-365.
[19] Sternberg, & Robert, J. (1998). A balance theory of wisdom.Review of General Psychology, 2(4), 347-365.
[20] Webster, J. D. (2003). An exploratory analysis of a self-assessed wisdom scale.Journal of Adult Development, 10(1), 13-22.
[21] Webster, J. D. (2016). Reminiscence and anticipation: How a balanced time perspective predicts psychological strengths.The International Journal and Life Review, 3, 1-7.
[22] Webster, J. D., Bohlmeijer, E. T., & Westerhof, G. J. (2014). Time to flourish: The relationship of temporal perspective to well-being and wisdom across adulthood.Aging & Mental Health, 18(8), 1046-1056.
[23] Zhang H., Huang J., Huang C., Wang W., & Hu C. (2019). Are wise men necessarily benevolent? A reflection upon the relationship between wisdom and virtue.Journal of Psychological Science, 42(3), 761-767.
[24] Zimbardo, P. G., & Boyd, J. N. (1999). Putting time in perspective: A valid, reliable individual-difference metric.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77(5), 1271-1288.
[25] Zimbardo P. G.,& Boyd, J. N. (2008). The time paradox: The new psychology of time that will change your life New York: Free Press The new psychology of time that will change your life. New York: Free Press. |
|
|
|
