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| Effect of cumulative family risk on hope of secondary vocational students：A moderated mediation model |
| ZHANG Shengnan1,2, ZHANG Linran3, LI Mei2 |
1 Chunhui High School, Nanjing 211300;
2 School of Education Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116;
3 College of Education, Ludong University, Yantai 264025 |
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Abstract This study aimed to explore the effect of cumulative family risk on the hope of secondary vocational students and its underlying mechanism. The Cumulative Family Risk Questionnaire, Hope Questionnaire, Resilience Questionnaire, and School Connectedness Questionnaire were used to conduct an online questionnaire survey among students from grades one to three in a vocational school in Nanjing, and a total of 1705 questionnaires were collected. The results showed： （1） Cumulative family risk negatively predicted secondary vocational students’ hope;（2） Resilience mediated the relationship between cumulative family risk and hope of secondary vocational students; （3） The first half of the mediation pathway （cumulative family risk → resilience） and the second half of the mediation pathway （resilience→hope） were moderated by school connectedness. The results indicated that improving the family environment and enhancing resilience and school connectedness play an equally important role in developing of secondary vocational students’ hope.
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