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| The impact of punishment probability on dishonesty：An examination of the watching eyes effect |
| CHI Hongjuan, WU Tingting, HAO Fang, LIU Changjiang |
| School of Psychology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210097 |
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Abstract Two experiments were conducted to investigate the interactive influence of punishment probability and the presence of watching eyes on dishonest behavior in a die-under-cup task. Results in both experiments demonstrated that dishonest behavior, and especially that of high degree, was deterred by punishment with a high probability. Moreover, results in Experiment 1 showed that the presence of watching eyes decreased the low-degree dishonest behavior under the condition of the medium probability of punishment, whereas results in Experiment 2 showed that the presence of watching eyes decreased the high-degree dishonest behavior under the condition of the low probability of punishment. Taken together, the deterrence effect of punishment in terms of uncertainty can be applied mainly to severe immoral behaviors. When people are aware that there is an opportunity to escape punishment, simple interventions based on the watching eyes effect can inhibit their dishonest behavior.
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