|
|
The mechanism of the role of entrepreneurial adversity on entrepreneurial persistence based on an emotional perspective: A moderated mediation model |
GONG Lianghua1, YANG Jie2 |
1 School of Modern Economics and Management, Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics,Gongqing City 332020; 2 School of Business, Guilin University of Electronic Technology, Guilin 541004 |
|
|
Abstract To investigate the influential mechanism of entrepreneurial adversity on entrepreneurial persistence, based on the cognitive appraisal theory, 270 entrepreneurs across China were surveyed using the scales of entrepreneurial adversity, entrepreneurial persistence, positive affects, negative affects and entrepreneurial resilience. It was found that: (1)Entrepreneurial adversity did not necessarily weaken the tendency to entrepreneurial persistence; (2)Entrepreneurial adversity negatively affected entrepreneurs' positive affects and thus their behavioral tendency to persist in entrepreneurship; (3)Entrepreneurial resilience not only significantly moderated the negative relationship between negative affects and entrepreneurial persistence, but also moderated the mediating effect of negative affects on entrepreneurial adversity and entrepreneurial persistence. This study contributes to the understanding of the mechanism of entrepreneurial adversity on entrepreneurial persistence from an emotional perspective, and can provide inspirations for promoting entrepreneurial persistence behavior and improving the success rate of entrepreneurship.
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 龚亮华, 杨杰. (2021). 砥砺前行或中道而弃: 创业逆境的认知效应及其对创业坚持的影响研究.科学学与科学技术管理, 42(12), 49-63. [2] 龚亮华, 杨杰, 梅小安. (2019). 创业韧性: 研究述评与展望.社会科学家, (2), 57-67. [3] 黎常, 朱玥, 王永跃. (2018). 创业激情对创业坚持行为的影响机制研究.科研管理, 39(9), 134-142. [4] 李焕荣, 张兴, 张建平, 张亚. (2021). 坚持就是胜利吗?创业坚持的研究述评与展望.中国人力资源开发, 38(4), 6-24. [5] 李宁, 李论, 李纪珍, 高建. (2017). 创业者的压力、情绪与创业努力——基于体验抽样法的实证研究.技术经济, 36(6), 46-52. [6] 吕斐斐, 邓艳斌, 贺小刚. (2017). 家族期望与创业坚持:参考点影响效应研究. 南开管理评论, 20(5), 41-55+68. [7] 宋国学. (2018). 以创业韧性应对创业压力. 中国社会科学网, http://www.cssn.cn/zx/bwyc/201808/t201808074524599.shtml.[2018-01-08] [8] 王学军, 王春国. (2020). 创业压力与退出意愿——创业激情的中介作用与社会支持的调节效应.经济管理, 42(3), 40-54. [9] 谢雅萍, 陈小燕, 叶丹容. (2016). 创业激情有助于创业成功吗?管理评论, 28(11), 170-181. [10] 占小军. (2015). 顾客欺凌行为对员工工作反应的影响机制研究.当代财经, (6), 75-84. [11] 张秀娥. (2018). 创业自我效能感对创业坚持的作用机制.社会科学家, (8), 24-30. [12] 张雅薇. (2017). 创业失败与再创业意向的关系: 一个有调节的中介模型. 河南大学硕士学位论文. [13] Adomako S., Danso A., Uddin M., & Ofori-Damoah J. (2016). Entrepreneurs' optimism, cognitive style and persistence.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior and Research, 22(1), 84-108. [14] Aiken L. S., West S. G., & Reno R. R. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. New York: Sage. [15] Awotoye, Y., & Singh, R. P. (2017). Entrepreneurial resilience, high impact challenges, and firm performance.Journal of Management Policy and Practice, 18(2), 28-37. [16] Ayala, J. C., & Manzano, G. (2014). The resilience of the entrepreneur. Influence on the success of the business. A longitudinal analysis.Journal of Economic Psychology, 42(5), 126-135. [17] Baron, R. A. (2006). Opportunity recognition as pattern recognition: How entrepreneurs “connect the dots” to identify new business opportunities.Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(1), 104-119. [18] Baron, R. A., & Markman, G. (2000). Beyond social capital: The role of social skills in entrepreneurs' success.Academy of Management Perspectives, 14(1), 106-116. [19] Baron, R. A., & Tang, J. (2011). The role of entrepreneurs in firm-level innovation: Joint effects of positive affect, creativity, and environmental dynamism.Journal of Business Venturing, 26(1), 49-60. [20] Bradley S. W., Aldrich H., Shepherd D. A., & Wiklund J. (2011). Resources, environmental change, and survival: Asymmetric paths of young independent and subsidiary organizations.Strategic Management Journal, 32(5), 486-509. [21] Brundin, E., & Gustafsson, V. (2013). Entrepreneurs' decision making under different levels of uncertainty: The role of emotions.International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 19(6), 568-591. [22] Byrne, O., & Shepherd, D. A. (2015). Different strokes for different folks: Entrepreneurial narratives of emotion, cognition, and making sense of business failure.Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 39(2), 375-405. [23] Cavanaugh M. A., Boswell W. R., Roehling M. V., & Boudreau J. W. (2000). An empirical examination of self-reported work stress among U.S. managers.Journal of Applied Psychology, 85(1), 65-74. [24] Chen H., Tsai F. S., & Ling H. C. (2018). Business area changes and entrepreneurial persistence in ecology- and food-related industries: Knowledge heterogeneity and emotion perspectives.Sustainability, 10(4), 929. [25] Corner P. D., Singh S., & Pavlovich K. (2017). Entrepreneurial resilience and venture failure.International Small Business Journal, 35(5), 687-708. [26] Davidsson, P., & Gordon, S. R. (2015). Much ado about nothing? The surprising persistence of nascent entrepreneurs through macroeconomic crisis.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 40, 915-941. [27] Delgado Garcia J. B., Esther D. Q. P., & Blanco Mazagatos V. (2015). How affect relates to entrepreneurship: A systematic review of the literature and research agenda.International Journal of Management Reviews, 17(2), 191-211. [28] Duchek, S. (2018). Entrepreneurial resilience: A biographical analysis of successful entrepreneurs.International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 14, 429-455. [29] Folkman, S., & Moskowist, J. T. (2000). Positive affect and the other side of coping.American Psychology, 55(6), 647-654. [30] Gaglio, C. M., & Katz, J. A. (2001). The psychological basis of opportunity identification: Entrepreneurial alertness.Small Business Economics, 16(2), 95-111. [31] Gatewood E. J., Shaver K. G., Powers J. B., & Gartner B. W. (2002). Entrepreneurial expectancy, task effort, and performance.Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 27(2), 187-206. [32] Hayton, J. C., & Cholakova, M. (2012). The role of affect in the creation and intentional pursuit of entrepreneurial ideas.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(1), 41-68. [33] Holland, D. V., & Shepherd, D. A. (2013). Deciding to persist: Adversity, values, and entrepreneurs' decision policies.Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 37(2), 358-385. [34] Krause, D. E. (2004). Kognitiv-emotionale Prozesse als Auslser vonInnovationen.Ztschrift Für Personal Psychology, 3(2), 63-78. [35] Lazarus R. S.(1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press. [36] Lazarus R. S.(1993). Why we should think of stress as a subset of emotion. In Handbook of stress, Goldberger, L., & Breznitz, S. (ed.), the Free Press, New York. [37] Little T. D., Rhemtulla M., Gibson K., & Schoemann A. M. (2013). Why the items versus parcels controversy needn't be one.Psychological Methods, 18(3), 285-300. [38] Locke E. A.(1997). The motivation to work: What we know. In Maehr, M., & Pintrich, P. (Eds.), Advances in motivation and achievement, 375-412,Greenwich, CT: JAI Press Inc. [39] Markman G. D., Baron R. A., & Balkin D. B. (2005). Are perseverance and self-efficacy costless? Assessing entrepreneurs' regretful thinking.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26(1), 1-19. [40] Mcclelland, D. C. (1961). The achieving society. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand. [41] Mehrabian A.,& Russell, J. A. (1974). An approach to environmental psychology. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. [42] Michi T., Welpe I. M., Sprrle M., & Picot A. (2009). The role of emotions and cognitions in entrepreneurial decision-making. New York: Springer. [43] Morris M. H., Pryor C. G., & Schindehutte, M. (2012). Entrepreneurship as experience: How events create ventures and ventures create entrepreneurs. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing. [44] Pollack J. M., Vanepps E. M., & Hayes A. F. (2012). The moderating role of social ties on entrepreneurs' depressed affect and withdrawal intentions in response to economic stress.Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(6), 789-810. [45] Preacher K. J., Rucker D. D., & Hayes A. F. (2007). Addressing moderated mediation hypotheses: Theory, methods, and prescriptions.Multivariate Behavioral Research, 42(1), 185-227. [46] Renko M., Bullough A., & Saeed S. (2016). Entrepreneurship under adverse conditions: Global study of individual resilience and self-efficacy.Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings, 290(1), 18103-18108. [47] Roberts, N., & Grover, V. (2012). Leveraging information technology infrastructure to facilitate a firm's customer agility and competitive activity: An empirical investigation.Journal of Management Information Systems, 28(4), 231-269. [48] Sabiu I. T., Abdullah A. A., & Amin A. (2017). Impact of motivation and personality characteristics on Bumiputeras' entrepreneurial persistence in Malaysia.Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 22(2), 1750009. [49] Santos F. J., Roomi M. A., & Linan F. (2014). About gender differences and the social environment in the development of entrepreneurial intentions.Journal of Small Business Management, 54(1), 49-66. [50] Schonfeld, I. S., & Mazzola, J. J. (2015). A qualitative study of stress in individuals self-employed in solo businesses.Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 20(4), 501-513. [51] Schwarz N., Bless H., Bohner G., Harlacher U., & Kellenbenz M. (1991). Response scales as frames of reference: The impact of frequency range on diagnostic judgements.Applied Cognitive Psychology, 5, 37-49. [52] Seo M. G., Barrett L. F., & Bartunek J. M. (2004). The role of affective experience in work motivation.Academy of Management Review, 29(3), 423-439. [53] Shepherd, D. A. (2003). Learning from business failure: Propositions of grief recovery for the self-employed.Academy of Management Review, 28(2), 318-328. [54] Shepherd, D. A., & Haynie, J. M. (2011). Venture failure, stigma, and impression management: A self-verification, self-determination view.Strategic Entrepr- 2)eneurship Journal, 5(2), 178-197. [55] Sinclair, V. G., & Wallston, K. A. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the Brief Resilient Coping Scale.Assessment, 11(1), 94-101. [56] Singh S., Corner P., & Pavlovich K. (2013). From riches to rags: A narrative approach to entrepreneurs' experience of venture failure. Academy of ManagementAnnual Meeting Proceedings, (1), 14193. [57] Watson D., Clark L. A., & Tellegen A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS Scales.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 1063-1070. [58] Wong, P. T. P. (2011). Positive psychology 2.0: Towards a balanced interactive model of the good life.Canadian Psychology, 52(2), 69-81. [59] Zahra, S. A., & Neubaum, D. O. (1998). Environmental adversity and the entrepreneurial activities of new ventures.Journal of Developmental, 3(2), 123-140. [60] Zhu F., Hsu D. K., Burmeister-Lamp K., & Fan S. X. (2018). An investigation of entrepreneurs' venture persistence decision: The contingency effect of psychological ownership and adversity.Applied Psychology, 67(1), 136-170. |
|
|
|