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| Why bilinguals process cognates faster: Review and prospect of cognate effect |
| ZENG Man1, LI Shan2, WANG Danhui3, NIU Zibei3, ZHONG Guiqin3, GAO Xiaolei3 |
1 School of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014;
2 College of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Liaoning 116029;
3 Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000 |
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Abstract Bilinguals demonstrate a reliable cognate processing advantage. This review synthesizes empirical evidence on the cognate effect across language comprehension, production and learning as well as its influencing factors and competing theoretical accounts rooted in lexical representation and cumulative word frequency. To date, no unified theoretical interpretation has been established. Current research is limited by intractable confounding variables, low ecological validity and fragmented theories, with limited application in second language pedagogy. Future work should optimize experimental designs, employ multimodal neurocognitive techniques, integrate existing theories to construct cross- script computational models, and strengthen the connection between research and L2 instruction.
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